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April 8, 2022
The design of portable devices largely depends on the performance of batteries. Of course, the key indicator of the battery is the service life of the battery. On the surface, this is only a simple specification, but it involves many factors, including: system load (power supply time of full load current, power supply time of some circuits or micro ampere current), power efficiency, system power management, battery type and charging mode.
In addition to their special importance, the interaction between these features can enhance or weaken the feelings of end users. Generally, when users begin to notice the existence of batteries, things become more difficult! Good product design should neither frequently replace the battery (such as TV remote control), nor frequently charge the battery (electric toothbrush), so that the battery "disappears" from the user's eyes. Prevent users from paying attention to the battery as they pay attention to the function of the device. Select the chemical properties of the battery
The mutual restriction between the battery and the system is often ignored in the design. It is very important to ensure that the capacity of the battery is consistent with the requirements of the system. The commonly used battery types are alkaline battery, nickel metal hydride battery (NIMH) and lithium ion battery. They are not interchangeable, and most products have an optimal selection method. Alkaline batteries alkaline batteries are non rechargeable batteries (which has been repeatedly emphasized in recent evening battery advertisements), but they have extremely low self discharge rate and cost (no charger or AC power outlet is required). For applications with low power consumption, alkaline battery will be a good choice, but it must be used reasonably. The quiescent current or sleep current must be very low. A common misconception in design is that it only focuses on work efficiency and ignores the current loss in the "off" or "sleep" state, even if it is consumed from the battery μ A current will also lead to frequent battery replacement. Now, many designs use soft switches instead of mechanical switches (mechanical switches can completely disconnect the battery), but this design misunderstanding is more common than a few years ago. Rechargeable battery when the load is too large for alkaline battery, it is necessary to choose rechargeable battery, which has become the standard mode for portable products such as notebook computer, PDA and cellular phone. Rechargeable batteries should "disturb" users as little as possible, which can promote the use of the product, at least not reduce the performance of the product.
There are two options for rechargeable batteries: nickel metal hydride batteries or lithium-ion batteries. Mobile phone lithium ion battery charger circuit
When Ni-ion battery is used, the cost of Ni-ion battery becomes less sensitive than that of normal battery. This problem is more important for low-cost products that lack complex charging design, because NiMH batteries are suitable for the process of full charge and full discharge. This is more suitable for products that often run out of electric energy, such as electric tools. Another application suitable for NiMH batteries is to replace alkaline batteries. When the battery energy is exhausted, remove the battery from the device, and then charge the battery by an external charger. This kind of application is common in digital cameras, but it needs the frequent intervention of users. Many portable products are different from the above situation. PDA and cellular phones need to be charged regularly, but they only consume electricity occasionally. Lithium ion batteries are the best choice for these products. In addition to weight density, this battery also has two important advantages: low self discharge rate and no limit on short-term charge discharge. Consumers do not need to consider the problem of "battery management", which simplifies the use of products.
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